Potatoes, turnips, beets, and other root vegetables have been staple foods in many cultures for thousands of years. Some records indicate that sweet potatoes, among other root vegetables, were integral in folk medicine over 5,000 years ago. Root vegetables have supported undernourished populations since ancient times. The reason for that is because starchy root vegetables provide vital vitamins and minerals, fiber, and they are easy to prepare. Plus, they are usually very inexpensive and easy to grow.
Root vegetables, also known as tubers, grow underground, with many of them ripening throughout fall and early winter. Technically speaking, not all root vegetables are tubers; rather, the term “tuber” is commonly used to describe a lot of root vegetables. Bulbs, corms, and rhizomes are also categories of root vegetables. Some of the most common types of root vegetables include:
- Beets
- Carrots
- Potatoes
- Fennel
- Jerusalem artichokes
- Sweet potatoes
- Turnips
- Radishes
- Celeriac
- Yams
- Parsnips
- Jicama
- Horseradish
Russet Potatoes
White, Russet, or Idaho potatoes are the classic potatoes you know and love. They get a bad rap, but the truth is that they are the largest contributors of vegetable phenolics and antioxidants to the American Diet. The problem is usually with how you prepare them. Frying them and adding copious amounts of butter or dairy can negate the health benefits. White potatoes are rich sources of potassium, which is essential for supporting bone and heart health. They also contain manganese, an integral mineral for nerve and bone health.
Parsnips
Belonging to the same family as carrots, parsley, and celery, parsnips offer similar nutrients to those foods. They are an excellent source of folate, fiber, potassium, and vitamin C. Researchers state that most of the fiber in parsnips is soluble, which is linked to a lower risk of diabetes and high cholesterol. One serving of parsnip provides a good amount of folate, which helps increase energy, enhance metabolism, and contributes to healthy nervous system function. Folate also aids with the synthesis of DNA and red blood cell formation.
Rutabaga
Have you ever seen those purple and white bulbs in the produce section? Rutabagas are a cross between cabbage and turnips, so they provide similar benefits, such as lots of fiber and vitamin C. They are high in zinc, which plays a role in immune health, brain function, metabolism, mood regulation, and protection for physiological stress. They taste similar to turnips and white potatoes, and they come out great when roasted and caramelized.
Sweet Potatoes
Sweet potatoes are some of the most popular root vegetables, and particularly tasty as well. They offer a lot of vitamin A (one of the best plant sources), potassium, vitamin B5, vitamin C, lots of fiber, and slow-absorbing starch. They also offer lots of beneficial antioxidant compounds, including chlorogenic acid and anthocyanins. Even though they have “sweet” in the name, they have a lower glycemic index than white potatoes, so they may help stabilize blood sugar levels.
Carrots
Carrots are some of the most popular root vegetables in existence and can be enjoyed any number of ways. Shave them thinly into a salad, dip them into hummus, juice them, or roast or steam them. They are naturally rich in carotenoids, which help protect the eyes and skin. Carrots also contain the antioxidants lutein, zeaxanthin, and lycopene, in addition to vitamins C, D, E, & K, magnesium, calcium, and potassium.
Beets
Scientists attribute the benefits of beets to their impressive antioxidant profile. They are naturally rich in betalain and have the highest oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) values of 27 vegetables commonly consumed in the United States. Some preliminary evidence suggests that beets may enhance endurance during athletic performance. They also contain nitrates, which the body can use for muscle recovery, improved circulation, and inflammation reduction.
Jerusalem Artichokes
Jerusalem artichokes, or sunchokes, are an excellent source of fiber and protein, but have very few calories. They are also rich in vitamin A, potassium, and iron. In fact, Jerusalem artichokes are one of the highest plant-based sources of iron. They may help combat iron deficiency and may help support nerve health, red blood cell formation, and healthy metabolism.
Vincent Stevens is the senior content writer at Dherbs. As a fitness and health and wellness enthusiast, he enjoys covering a variety of topics, including the latest health, fitness, beauty, and lifestyle trends. His goal is to inform people of different ways they can improve their overall health, which aligns with Dherbs’ core values. He received his bachelor’s degree in creative writing from the University of Redlands, graduating summa cum laude. He lives in Los Angeles, CA.
