If you have high blood pressure and want to lower it naturally, one of the first recommendations from healthcare professionals is to reduce your salt intake. That’s not terrible advice, especially considering that excess sodium in the body can contribute to higher blood pressure levels. Adding more potassium to your diet may be an easier, more effective way to reduce blood pressure than simply cutting salt intake, according to a new study.
The study was published in the American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology and builds on existing research. Potassium and sodium work together to regulate blood pressure. People who have high blood pressure are often advised to eat less sodium, but focusing on potassium-rich foods may have a greater impact on blood pressure than simply cutting sodium. Continue reading to learn what the research found.
What Does The Research Say?
For the study, researchers looked at how the ratio of potassium to sodium impacts the body. Study authors used a mathematical model to simulate how different sodium-to-potassium ratios affected bodily systems, including the renal system, cardiovascular system, and gastrointestinal system. Researchers found that higher amounts of potassium helped lower blood pressure, even with “high” or “normal” levels of sodium intake. Whenever potassium intake increased, regardless of sodium levels, blood pressure dropped.
When researchers adjusted for sex and mathematical models, they noticed a big difference. Men were more likely to have a greater reduction in blood pressure after increasing potassium-to-sodium ratio than premenopausal women. This is a key differentiation because blood pressure tends to increase naturally after menopause. All of that said, take these findings with a little grain of salt, given that they were computer models. These types of models simulate the human body, but they are merely an approximation of human physiology.
The Science Behind Potassium, Sodium, And Blood Pressure
Understanding the balance of sodium and potassium in the body and how those minerals relate to blood pressure is not new. Researchers have been examining the relationship between these nutrients and blood pressure levels for some time. Consuming too much sodium causes your blood vessels to fill with water, swelling their blood volume. That causes your blood pressure to increase, which can damage blood vessel walls and lead to plaque buildup in the arteries. That impedes healthy blood flow and puts stress on the heart over time.
Potassium actually has the opposite effect, relaxing blood vessel walls and reducing tension in the arteries. Cardiologists agree that potassium helps blood circulate more easily within the arteries. Sodium and potassium work together through the kidneys, which have specialized proteins (transporters) that use potassium to eliminate sodium from the body via urine. That means that the more potassium you eat, the less sodium the body retains.
Potassium-Rich Foods
There are potassium supplements, but they come with some potential safety risks. Getting potassium via your diet is the best way to go. The FDA’s daily value for potassium is 4,700 milligrams (mg), while the American Heart Association (AHA) recommends a daily intake of 3,000 to 3,500 mg per day for high blood pressure patients. The average adult does not meet this amount. Cardiologists suggest men to consume 3,400 mg of potassium per day and women to consume at least 2,600 mg per day.
When it comes to potassium, bananas get all the glory. One medium banana delivers 422 mg of potassium. That said, there are many potassium-rich foods that can help lower blood pressure. Apricots, lentils, baked potatoes, spinach, and salmon are great potassium-rich foods to consume. Start slowly, making a potassium-rich swap each meal. For breakfast, enjoy bananas instead of strawberries. Swap spinach for iceberg lettuce in your lunch salad, and add kidney beans or lentils to your dinner.
In addition to consuming more potassium-rich foods, it is best to cut your sodium intake to 1,500 mg per day, especially if you have high blood pressure. Try to eat out less, as that is where you can really go crazy with sodium consumption. Replace salt with other seasonings to add more flavor to the food you cook. You can also click here for other recommendations on how to reduce salt intake.
Vincent Stevens is the senior content writer at Dherbs. As a fitness and health and wellness enthusiast, he enjoys covering a variety of topics, including the latest health, fitness, beauty, and lifestyle trends. His goal is to inform people of different ways they can improve their overall health, which aligns with Dherbs’ core values. He received his bachelor’s degree in creative writing from the University of Redlands, graduating summa cum laude. He lives in Los Angeles, CA.
