A recent, well-designed study suggests that the ketogenic (keto) diet may offer modest, yet statistically significant, improvements in treatment-resistant depression. According to research, one in three patients with depression do not respond fully to antidepressants. At the same time, there has been a growing interest in whether diet, particularly the keto diet can assist with mental health struggles. 

What Is The Keto Diet?

The keto diet is a low-carb, high-fat, and moderate-protein diet. This eating pattern involves severely cutting the intake of carbohydrates, while dramatically increasing fat intake. By eating this way, you can switch the body into a state of ketosis, which is a metabolic state in which it burns fat for fuel instead of carbs. This type of diet has existed since the 1920s, when it was developed as an innovative approach for children seeking to support neurological health. 

In recent years, health experts have continued to find more health benefits of the keto diet, some of which benefit the brain, heart, digestive system, and so on. Some studies confirm that the keto diet may help control appetite, support healthy metabolism, and promote sustained energy levels. The first benefit, and some would say the driving force to continue the diet, that people notice is weight loss. 

Health experts say that there has been a lack of high-quality research about the depression-fighting effects of the keto diet. That is why researchers wanted to conduct this new study. They wanted to see if there was a benefit to eating keto and experiencing reduced symptoms of depression. Continue reading to learn what the research found. 

Real But Modest Benefits From Eating Keto

The study followed 88 participants with an average age of 42. All of them were diagnosed with treatment-resistant depression. Researchers randomly assigned participants to follow one of two diets for a total of six weeks. One group ate prepared foods that followed a keto diet with 30 grams of carbs per day. The other controlled group followed a plant-forward eating pattern. 

Researchers tracked scores using the PHQ-9 Score, which is a zero to 27 point scale used by doctors to measure the severity of depression. They took measurements at the start of the study, after six weeks on the diet, and after 12 weeks. By the end of the trial, participants following the keto diet had a 10.5-point drop in their PHQ-9 Score, while the plant-forward diet group had an 8.3 drop. 

Why Could The Keto Diet Help Fight Depression?

The keto diet supports the production of ketones, which are chemical compounds that the body produces from fat when there isn’t enough glucose to burn for energy. Ketones may impact several pathways in the body, most of which are linked to mood disorders. Researchers believe that the ketones may spark a series of changes that are both neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory. 

People who follow the keto diet tend to feel good when they keep their body in ketosis. In doing so, they tend to find a community of keto enthusiasts striving to maintain that goal as well. You build a community, if you will, engaging in activities and dietary habits that provide purpose, pleasure, and socialization, all of which are core treatments for depression. This is why study authors believe there are several potential explanations for the keto diet’s impact on depression. Unfortunately, none of them are certain at this point. Some research indicates that the change in gut microbiome, metabolism, or inflammation may influence mood, but more research is necessary. 

Should You Go Keto To Fight Depression?

At this time, it is too early to prescribe the keto diet for treatment-resistant depression. It’s not a simple intervention because there is a lot that goes into following the keto diet. Trying the keto diet to reduce symptoms of depression is not something psychiatrists recommend because it is too early to know long-term safety and who is most likely to benefit. If you are considering dietary changes for improving mental health, discuss with your doctor or a mental health professional.

Vincent Stevens

Vincent Stevens is the senior content writer at Dherbs. As a fitness and health and wellness enthusiast, he enjoys covering a variety of topics, including the latest health, fitness, beauty, and lifestyle trends. His goal is to inform people of different ways they can improve their overall health, which aligns with Dherbs’ core values. He received his bachelor’s degree in creative writing from the University of Redlands, graduating summa cum laude. He lives in Los Angeles, CA.