It’s never a bad idea to eat your vegetables, especially if they are of the cruciferous variety. This large family of nutrient-dense vegetables is known for their crunchy, slightly bitter nature. Broccoli is probably the most famous cruciferous family member, but the rest of the veggies in the family are well-regarded for their health benefits.
What Are Cruciferous Vegetables?
Belonging to the genus Brassica, cruciferous vegetables get their name from their four-petaled flowers, which resemble a crucifix, or cross. Their rich colors indicate that they are chock-full of nutrients. Researchers note that the deeper the color of a fruit or vegetable, the more nutrient-dense it is. For example, spinach has a richer nutritional profile than iceberg lettuce. The list of notable cruciferous vegetables includes:
- Broccoli
- Kale
- Turnips
- Cauliflower
- Arugula
- Brussels sprouts
- Chard
- Cabbage
- Bok choy
- Watercress
- Collard greens
- Horseradish
- Kohlrabi
- Mustard greens
Health Benefits
Thanks to their unique combination of essential nutrients and unique plant compounds, cruciferous vegetables offer a range of health benefits. Most of them contain sulforaphane and indole-3-carbinol (I3C), both of which have been extensively studied for their health properties. For example, those compounds may help reduce the risk of chronic diseases and support cellular health, among other benefits. Continue reading to learn how cruciferous vegetables benefit your overall health.
They Provide Lots Of Folate
Vitamin B9, or folate, is an essential nutrient required for the formation of red blood cells and DNA. It is especially important for pregnant people, as it can help reduce the risk of birth defects. That is why you commonly see its synthetic form (folic acid) in prenatal vitamins. Because folate moves through your system at a quick rate, health experts encourage you to consume it regularly. Ideally, adults and children over the age of four should consume 400 micrograms (mcg) of folate per day. Broccoli, turnip greens, and Brussels sprouts are especially rich in this nutrient.
They May Benefit Gut Health
Research shows that only 9% of women and 5% of men consume the recommended daily intake (RDI) of fiber. Incorporating more cruciferous vegetables into your diet may help you meet your daily needs. Cruciferous veggies contain both soluble and insoluble fiber, both of which feed the beneficial bacteria that inhabit the gut. In doing so, you increase diversity in the gut microbiome, which may enhance digestive function and immune function.
They May Reduce Cancer Risk
Sulforaphane is a compound that benefits the body in numerous ways, one of which is playing a role in cancer protection. How does it do that? Well, it works to inhibit the growth of cancer cells. I3C is another compound found in cruciferous vegetables that has been shown to activate tumor suppressor genes, which may help prevent tumor growth. Additionally, a number of studies suggest that the glucosinolates in cruciferous vegetables may reduce the risk of breast, pancreatic, lung, bladder, colon, and prostate cancers. These veggies may also help to counteract cancer-causing nitrosamines and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, which are found in barbecued, charred, or cured fish or meats.
They May Boost Brain Health
Pass the broccoli, the Brussels, the cabbage, kale, and more if you want to stay mentally sharp as you age. Research shows that cruciferous vegetables contain valuable compounds including I3C and diindolylmethane, which offer antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that may protect the brain. Most cruciferous vegetables also contain vitamin E, vitamin K, and beta-carotene, all of which fight free radicals and oxidative stress, which may contribute to cognitive decline. Vitamin E safeguards your cells, including brain cells, which may help delay brain aging. Vitamin K has been shown to boost memory, while beta-carotene may slow cognitive decline.
They May Improve Heart Health
According to several studies, eating more cruciferous vegetables may lower your risk of death from heart disease. Researchers note that the heart-protective effects may come from the isothiocyanate compounds that reduce oxidative stress and inflammation. The sulforaphane in cruciferous vegetables has demonstrated an ability to reduce LDL or “bad” cholesterol. A small study that included nine participants found that supplementing with sulforaphane led to a 12% reduction in LDL cholesterol after just six weeks, and a 24% reduction after 12 weeks.
Vincent Stevens is the senior content writer at Dherbs. As a fitness and health and wellness enthusiast, he enjoys covering a variety of topics, including the latest health, fitness, beauty, and lifestyle trends. His goal is to inform people of different ways they can improve their overall health, which aligns with Dherbs’ core values. He received his bachelor’s degree in creative writing from the University of Redlands, graduating summa cum laude. He lives in Los Angeles, CA.
